1. Intro 2. Operational Definition of CKD 3. Definition of CKD 4. Approach to CKD 5. Classification by Diagnosis 6. GFR Estimation 7. GFR and stages of CKD 8. Prevalence of CKD in USA 9. US Trends by Age and Stage 10. CKD Increases Risk of Death 11. Kaiser Permanente Study 12. Importance of Proteinuria 13. Microalbuminuria 14. Albumin to Creatinine Ratio 15. Cardiovascular Mortality Risk 16. All-Cause Mortality: NHANES 17. What is BP goal? 18. Cumulative ESRD 19. RAS Blockade 20. Diabetic Nephropathy 21. Diabetes 22. ACE Inhibition in Diabetes 23. ACE Inhibitors for All Diabetics? 24. CKD progression in DM2 25. Microalbuminuria predicts... 26. Microalbuminuria Reduction 27. Overt Proteinuria 28. Treatment of Nephropathy 29. ARB’s in DM Nephropathy 30. RENAAL 31. Albuminuria predicted CKD Progression 32. RENAAL, continued 33. RENAAL, continued 34. RENAAL, continued 35. RENAAL, continued 36. MA reduction with ARBs 37. ARB impact on MA progression 38. Redefining the Categories of Diabetic Nephropathy 39. ACEI beneficial in non-DM? 40. ACE-I in non-DM ESRD 41. REIN CORE: study of ACEI in Non-DM CKD 42. REIN CORE: baseline proteinurin in non-DM CKD 43. ACEI dropped proteinuria 44. Proteinuria and GFR 45. REIN CORE: ESRD and ACEI 46. Hypertensive Nephropathy in African Americans
47. AASK DESIGN study 48. ACEI outcomes 49. AASK BP outcomes 50. AASK BP outcomes, contd. 51. ONTARGET study 52. ONTARGET, continued 53. ONTARGET: primary outcome 54. ONTARGET: combined drugs 55. ONTARGET: rate of GFR loss 56. ONTARGET: <1gm/day proteinuria 57. Aldosterone Antagonism 58. Aldosterone Antagonism- Spironolactone 59. Threat of Hyperkalemia 60. Low Protein Diet? 61. Low Protein in Type-1 DM 62. 8 Glasses of water daily? 63. Smoking and CKD 64. Lipids, CKD, and statins 65. Venous DVT/PE in CKD 66. Is Sodium Phosphate safe? 67. BP Meds- taken when? 68. Renal Osteodystrophy 69. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism 70. Mineral Metabolism 71. Low Calcitriol 72. Vitamin D in CKD 73. 25-(OH)D and PTH in CKD 74. Calcium and Phosphorus metabolism 75. High Phosphorus -> death 76. Hypercalcemia -> death 77. Phosphate & CV events 78. Phosphate & death rate 79. Phosphate & CKD progress 80. Hip fractures by cystatin C 81. Renal Osteodystrophy 82. CAC increase in Absence of CBPB 83. Phosphate binders 84. Oral Calcitriol 85. How to manage Osteodystrophy 86. Osteoporosis 87. Metabolic Syndrome 88. Obesity as Risk Factor 89. Obesity and Stage 3 CKD 90. Waist-Hip Ratio and CKD 91. Metabolic Syndrome & CKD 92. Risk more than DM and HTN 93. Closing, Anemia
